The pectoral is a kind of ornament that was very popular or common with Egyptian burials, and they have been found in a large number of varieties.  Tutankhamun's tomb had a number of these and there either used within his mummy bindings or found within chests in the Treasury.

Most have a dorsal ornament which hung down the back, acting as a counter weight and also as a fastening.

The piece is built using gold, silver and semi-precious stones and is an excellent example of cloisonné. 

The central element is a scarab  made form a translucent green chalcedony.  Attached to it are the open wings and tail of a vulture (Nekhebet) which are inlayed with coloured glass. The legs of the bird are grasping the shen hieroglyph which is the symbol of eternity. It is also holding a bunch of lotus flowers (right) and a lily (left), symbols of Upper (Southern) Egypt.

Below the vulture's tail are garlands of lotus (Upper Egypt) and papyrus (Lower Egypt).  Flanking the scarab are the profiles of two cobra, inlaid with coloured glass paste and bearing yellow solar discs on their heads.

Resting on the vulture's wings is a thin boat with a Wedjat eye, the left eye of Horus representing the moon and flanked by two face-on cobra with solar discs on their heads.  This boat represents the journey taken by the moon which in Egyptian mythology sailed across the sky each night.

Above the boat is a silver lunar disc with a gold crescent.  Three figures are shown on gold relief - the protagonists in a celestial coronation scene.  In the centre the Pharaoh wearing a crown (with a moon above him) and flanked by two divinities making protective gestures - on the left is the ibis-headed moon god Thoth and on the right is the falcon-headed god Re-Horakhty.

The pectoral is a combination of symbolism, mixing moon and sun as heavenly bodies associated with the power of the Egyptian Kings.

Egyptian Museum, Cairo.

Tutankhamun's Death Mask and funerary goods. Cairo Museum, Egypt.